Evidence supporting the use of: Amino acids
For the health condition: Anorexia

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Amino acids are used in the management of anorexia, particularly anorexia nervosa, and this use is supported by scientific rationale, though the strength of direct clinical evidence is moderate. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by severe caloric and protein malnutrition, leading to deficiencies in essential amino acids that are crucial for bodily functions, including neurotransmitter synthesis and muscle maintenance. Supplementing with amino acids helps address the protein-energy malnutrition and supports the restoration of lean body mass during refeeding. Some studies have shown that branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and other essential amino acids can improve protein synthesis, prevent muscle wasting, and may also contribute to recovery of cognitive and mood symptoms by supporting neurotransmitter balance (e.g., serotonin, dopamine). Despite these theoretical and mechanistic benefits, direct clinical trials examining amino acid supplementation as a stand-alone treatment for anorexia nervosa are limited. Most evidence comes from nutritional rehabilitation programs that include amino acids as part of a comprehensive refeeding protocol. Nonetheless, expert guidelines and consensus statements (such as those from the American Psychiatric Association) recommend ensuring adequate protein and amino acid intake during refeeding. In summary, while amino acids are not a cure for anorexia nervosa, their use is scientifically justified as part of the nutritional rehabilitation process, with moderate evidence supporting their role in addressing the metabolic and physiological complications of malnutrition in this context.

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