Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Vitamin A (retinol acetate) has scientific evidence supporting its role in the management of anemia, particularly when anemia is related to iron deficiency. Several clinical studies and reviews have demonstrated that vitamin A deficiency can contribute to the development of anemia, not just by affecting iron metabolism but also by influencing erythropoiesis (the production of red blood cells). Vitamin A is involved in the mobilization of iron from storage sites and its incorporation into hemoglobin. Supplementation with vitamin A, especially in populations where both vitamin A and iron deficiencies are prevalent, has been shown to improve hemoglobin concentrations and reduce the prevalence of anemia more effectively than iron supplementation alone. A 2002 meta-analysis published in the journal The Lancet found that vitamin A supplementation reduced the risk of anemia in children and pregnant women. The mechanism is thought to involve vitamin A's role in enhancing the utilization of iron and possibly modulating the immune response, which can otherwise sequester iron during inflammation. While vitamin A is not a primary treatment for anemia, its supplementation is justified in cases of combined vitamin A and iron deficiencies. Overall, while vitamin A alone is not sufficient to treat all causes of anemia, there is moderate scientific support for its use as an adjunct in treating iron deficiency anemia, especially in at-risk populations.

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