Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Blue-green algae, particularly spirulina (a type of cyanobacteria), has been studied for its potential to support anemia, especially iron-deficiency anemia. Spirulina contains relatively high amounts of bioavailable iron, as well as other nutrients that support hematopoiesis (blood cell formation), such as vitamin B12 (though the B12 content in spirulina is mostly in an inactive analog form). Several small-scale clinical trials and observational studies have suggested that spirulina supplementation may improve hemoglobin levels in both children and adults with various forms of anemia. For example, a study in malnourished children in India showed significant increases in hemoglobin after spirulina supplementation. Another small trial in elderly anemic patients found modest improvements in red blood cell counts and hemoglobin after daily spirulina intake.

However, the overall quality of the evidence is limited due to small sample sizes, short durations, lack of blinding, and potential conflicts of interest in some studies. Major health authorities do not currently endorse blue-green algae as a primary or standard treatment for anemia. While spirulina can be a source of dietary iron and may be helpful as a nutritional supplement in populations at risk of iron deficiency, it should not replace established medical treatments for anemia. More robust, large-scale, and blinded randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety for this purpose.

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