Aerva lanata, commonly known as mountain knotgrass, is a plant used in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda and folk medicine across the Indian subcontinent and parts of Africa. The plant is reputed for a variety of medicinal uses, including as a diuretic, for kidney and urinary tract ailments, and in wound healing. Its use in supporting or treating anemia stems largely from traditional beliefs rather than robust scientific validation. Traditional practitioners have sometimes used decoctions or extracts of Aerva lanata in attempts to improve blood health, often alongside other herbs, based on the notion that the plant may "purify" the blood or support overall vitality.

However, scientific studies substantiating these claims are sparse. A few phytochemical analyses have identified the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, which may have general health benefits, but there is no direct evidence that these constituents directly address iron-deficiency anemia or other common forms of the condition. No clinical trials or rigorous animal studies have demonstrated a significant hematinic (blood-building) effect of Aerva lanata. Therefore, its use for anemia remains primarily rooted in tradition, with very limited scientific support for this particular indication.

In summary, while Aerva lanata is an established herb in traditional medicine, its application in anemia lacks robust scientific substantiation, and its efficacy for this purpose remains unproven in modern research.