Pellitory (commonly referring to Parietaria officinalis or Pyrethrum species, depending on tradition) has a long history of use in herbal medicine, mostly within Unani and some traditional European systems. In these traditions, Pellitory is sometimes recommended for the management of conditions involving the mucous membranes and as a mild analgesic or anti-inflammatory agent. For anal fistula or fissure, its use is primarily based on these traditional claims of reducing inflammation, promoting healing, and alleviating pain when applied locally or used as part of herbal mixtures.

However, there is a lack of rigorous clinical evidence or published scientific studies directly evaluating Pellitory’s efficacy for anal fistula or fissure. Most contemporary herbal medicine references and pharmacopoeias do not list Pellitory as a standard or recommended treatment for these anorectal conditions. Any claimed benefits are extrapolated from its general anti-inflammatory and soothing properties documented in traditional medicine, rather than from condition-specific research.

In summary, the rationale for using Pellitory in anal fistula or fissure is based on traditional use rather than scientific validation. The evidence supporting its efficacy for these conditions is very weak (rated 1/5), and there are no well-controlled trials or significant pharmacological studies to support its use in this context.