Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Prebiotics are non-digestible food components, typically fibers such as inulin or fructooligosaccharides, that promote the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. There is a growing body of scientific research exploring the relationship between the gut microbiota and immune system modulation, including the development and severity of allergic diseases such as respiratory allergies (e.g., allergic rhinitis and asthma). Some studies, particularly in animal models and infants, suggest that prebiotic supplementation may help shape the gut microbiome in a way that supports immune tolerance and reduces allergic sensitization. For example, certain randomized controlled trials in infants have shown that prebiotic mixtures can reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis and, to a lesser extent, respiratory allergies. However, evidence in older children and adults is limited and inconsistent. The mechanisms proposed include enhanced production of short-chain fatty acids and modulation of T regulatory cells, which may dampen allergic inflammation. Major health organizations recognize the potential, but generally conclude that more robust and targeted research is needed before prebiotics can be recommended for allergy management in the general population. Thus, while there is some scientific basis for the use of prebiotics in supporting respiratory allergy prevention (especially early in life), the evidence is modest and not definitive.

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