Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Fruit acids, commonly referred to as alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) such as glycolic acid, citric acid, and malic acid, have been widely studied and used in dermatology and cosmetic products for the prevention and treatment of visible signs of aging. Scientific evidence supports their efficacy in improving skin texture, reducing fine lines, and promoting a more youthful appearance. AHAs work primarily by exfoliating the stratum corneum (outermost layer of the skin), promoting cell turnover, and stimulating collagen production in the underlying dermis. Controlled clinical studies have shown that topical application of AHAs can improve skin hydration, elasticity, and pigmentation irregularities, all of which are associated with aging skin.

While many over-the-counter products contain low concentrations of fruit acids, higher concentrations are used in chemical peeling procedures performed by professionals. The evidence base is strongest for glycolic acid, with multiple peer-reviewed studies demonstrating its effectiveness in reducing photoaging. However, individual results vary, and potential side effects such as irritation or sensitivity can occur, particularly with improper use. Thus, while fruit acids are not a cure for aging, their use is scientifically validated as a supportive measure for the prevention and management of some visible signs of skin aging.

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