Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) is a protein that stimulates cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation by binding to its receptor, EGFR. Its use in anti-aging skincare is based on scientific understanding of its role in promoting skin regeneration and wound healing. Laboratory and animal studies have shown that EGF can enhance the proliferation of keratinocytes and fibroblasts, promote collagen synthesis, and accelerate wound closure, all of which are relevant to youthful skin maintenance. Some small clinical studies have reported that topical EGF can improve skin texture, reduce fine lines, and increase skin elasticity. For example, a few randomized controlled trials have demonstrated modest improvements in photoaged skin with EGF-containing creams compared to placebo.

However, while the biological rationale is strong, the quality and quantity of human clinical trials are limited. Most studies are small, short-term, and sometimes funded by manufacturers, which introduces potential bias. There is not yet robust, long-term evidence that topical EGF substantially prevents or reverses skin aging in the general population. Therefore, while use of EGF in anti-aging skincare is supported by plausible scientific mechanisms and some preliminary clinical data, the overall strength of evidence remains moderate at best.