Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Antioxidants are compounds that prevent or slow cellular damage caused by free radicals—unstable molecules produced by environmental exposures and normal metabolic processes. The use of antioxidants for aging (prevention) is justified by scientific interest, as oxidative stress has been implicated in aging and age-related diseases. Numerous in vitro and animal studies demonstrate that oxidative stress can damage cellular structures, and antioxidants can mitigate these effects. However, the translation of these findings to humans is less clear.

Observational studies in humans suggest diets rich in antioxidant-containing foods (such as fruits and vegetables) are associated with better health outcomes and possibly slower aging. However, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using antioxidant supplements (such as vitamin E, vitamin C, or beta-carotene) have largely failed to show significant benefits in aging prevention or increased lifespan. Some studies have even indicated potential risks with high-dose supplementation. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses have concluded that while a diet naturally high in antioxidants is beneficial, antioxidant supplements do not consistently support healthy aging or prevent age-related diseases.

In summary, while there is a strong scientific rationale for antioxidants in combating oxidative stress related to aging, robust clinical evidence supporting the use of unspecified antioxidant supplements specifically for aging prevention in humans is limited. The evidence is rated as 2, reflecting weak scientific support for supplementation, while antioxidant-rich diets remain advisable.

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