Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs), such as glycolic acid and lactic acid, are widely used in dermatology and cosmetic formulations for their anti-aging effects. The scientific validation for using AHAs in aging prevention and treatment is substantial, with multiple clinical studies and reviews supporting their efficacy. AHAs work primarily by promoting exfoliation of the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of the skin), which stimulates cell turnover and leads to a smoother, more even skin texture. This process can reduce the appearance of fine lines, hyperpigmentation, and surface roughness—common signs of photoaging.

In addition to exfoliation, AHAs have been shown to increase dermal collagen production and improve skin elasticity when used regularly over several months. Randomized controlled trials and double-blind studies have demonstrated significant improvements in skin appearance and histological structure with topical AHA use. The American Academy of Dermatology and other expert panels recognize AHAs as effective agents for managing visible signs of aging, especially in photoaged skin.

Side effects are generally mild and may include transient irritation or sensitivity to sunlight, which can be managed with appropriate sunscreen use. Overall, the use of AHAs for aging prevention and treatment is well supported by scientific evidence, with a clear mechanism of action and consistent results in clinical research.