Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Ellagic acid is a natural polyphenol found in various fruits and vegetables, especially berries and pomegranates. Its use for age spots (also known as hyperpigmentation or liver spots) is supported by some scientific evidence, primarily from in vitro and limited clinical studies. Ellagic acid has been shown to inhibit tyrosinase, an enzyme crucial for melanin synthesis, thereby reducing the formation of dark spots on the skin. Several laboratory studies (e.g., Yokota et al., 1998; Kim et al., 2010) have demonstrated that ellagic acid can decrease melanin production in cultured melanocytes and skin models.

Some small clinical studies and topical formulations containing ellagic acid have suggested benefits in lightening hyperpigmented skin. For instance, a study published in the Journal of Dermatological Science (2002) reported modest improvements in subjects with melasma and age spots after topical application of ellagic acid. However, the evidence is still preliminary, with limited large-scale, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials to confirm its efficacy and safety for this use in diverse populations.

In summary, while there is some scientific rationale and early evidence supporting the use of ellagic acid for age spots due to its anti-melanogenic properties, the overall strength of the evidence is still low to moderate, and larger, well-designed clinical studies are needed to establish its effectiveness and safety.

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