Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Glycyrrhizinic acid, a primary active component of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine systems, especially in Asia and Europe. Traditionally, licorice root has been utilized to "support" the adrenal cortex and address symptoms associated with adrenal insufficiency or fatigue. The rationale behind its use stems from glycyrrhizinic acid’s ability to inhibit the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, which normally converts active cortisol to its inactive form, cortisone. By inhibiting this enzyme, glycyrrhizinic acid can increase circulating cortisol levels, theoretically supporting adrenal function. However, while there is some scientific understanding of its effect on cortisol metabolism, there are few well-controlled clinical studies directly linking glycyrrhizinic acid to improved adrenal cortex health or function in humans. Most evidence remains anecdotal or based on traditional use. Moreover, prolonged use or high doses can cause significant side effects such as hypertension and hypokalemia due to its mineralocorticoid-like effects. In summary, the use of glycyrrhizinic acid to support the adrenal cortex is grounded primarily in traditional herbal practices, with modest mechanistic support but limited direct scientific validation.

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