Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 2

Glycyrrhizic acid, a major active component of licorice root (Glycyrrhiza glabra), has a long history of traditional use in herbal medicine systems, particularly in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and Ayurveda. In TCM, licorice is commonly included in formulations to "harmonize" other herbs and is often attributed with properties that "tonify Qi" and support various organ systems, including the adrenal glands. The connection to the adrenal cortex is based more on symptom relief—such as fatigue or stress—rather than direct scientific evidence of adrenal support.

Modern scientific studies have shown that glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2, which increases the half-life of endogenous cortisol by preventing its breakdown. This effect may lead to a mild increase in cortisol activity, which has been interpreted by some practitioners as "supporting" adrenal function, particularly in cases of so-called "adrenal fatigue." However, these effects can also result in undesirable consequences, such as pseudoaldosteronism (hypertension, hypokalemia), and there is no robust clinical evidence demonstrating that glycyrrhizic acid directly benefits the adrenal cortex or improves adrenal insufficiency.

Overall, the use of glycyrrhizic acid for adrenal support is primarily justified by traditional use, with some mechanistic rationale but limited clinical validation. Most evidence is historical or theoretical rather than based on rigorous human trials supporting its efficacy or safety for adrenal cortex support.

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