Ginsenosides are the primary active compounds found in ginseng (Panax spp.), and they have been investigated for their adaptogenic effects, including potential support for the adrenal cortex and stress response. Scientific studies have shown that ginsenosides may influence the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This system plays a central role in the body's response to stress, and the adrenal cortex is responsible for producing glucocorticoids such as cortisol.

Preclinical studies in animals and in vitro experiments suggest that ginsenosides can modulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and may affect cortisol production, potentially helping the body adapt to physical and psychological stressors. Some limited human studies have shown reduced fatigue and improved measures of well-being in subjects taking ginseng extracts, although the results are mixed and the studies are often small or of variable quality.

Despite promising laboratory evidence, robust clinical trials specifically examining the effects of ginsenosides on adrenal cortex function are limited. Most human data focus on general stress adaptation and fatigue rather than direct measures of adrenal hormones. Thus, while there is a scientific rationale and some supporting experimental data, strong clinical evidence in humans is lacking, and more research is needed to fully validate the effectiveness of ginsenosides in supporting adrenal cortex function.