Arisaema amurense, known commonly as Chinese cobra lily, has a long history of use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It is referred to as "Tian Nan Xing" and has been used for various ailments, especially those involving "phlegm" and swelling. In TCM, adenitis (inflammation of glands, such as lymphadenitis) is often interpreted as a form of "phlegm nodules" or localized swellings. For such conditions, Arisaema amurense is traditionally prescribed, sometimes in combination with other herbs, to "disperse swelling," "resolve phlegm," and alleviate inflammation.

Historical texts such as the Compendium of Materia Medica and modern TCM pharmacopeias cite the use of this plant for treating swellings, abscesses, and glandular inflammations. However, these uses are rooted in TCM theory rather than in biomedical research. There is limited modern scientific literature directly supporting the efficacy or safety of Arisaema amurense for adenitis by Western medical standards. While some laboratory studies have investigated the plant’s anti-inflammatory or cytotoxic properties, these are preliminary and do not specifically address adenitis in clinical settings.

In summary, the use of Arisaema amurense for adenitis is justified primarily by traditional practice rather than rigorous scientific evidence. Clinical use should be approached with caution due to potential toxicity and lack of high-quality clinical trials.