Whey protein has been studied as a nutritional supplement for people living with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), primarily to address issues of malnutrition, muscle wasting, and immune dysfunction that often accompany the disease. Scientific interest in whey protein for this population is based on several of its properties: it is a high-quality, complete protein source; it contains bioactive compounds such as lactoferrin, immunoglobulins, and glutathione precursors; and it may help counteract protein-energy malnutrition and support immune function.

Clinical studies have shown that supplementation with whey protein can increase lean body mass and sometimes improve CD4+ counts in HIV-positive individuals. For example, some small randomized or uncontrolled trials have found modest improvements in nutritional status and immune markers. However, results are inconsistent and many studies are limited by small sample sizes or short durations. Systematic reviews generally conclude that while whey protein may have some benefits for nutritional status, the evidence for significant effects on immune function or disease progression in AIDS is limited and not robust.

Overall, the use of whey protein in AIDS is scientifically justified as a nutritional intervention for malnutrition and muscle wasting, but the evidence supporting its direct effects on immune function or as a treatment for the underlying disease is weak. Thus, it may be recommended as an adjunct to standard care, primarily for improving nutritional status rather than as a core treatment for AIDS itself.