Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Somatropin, a recombinant form of human growth hormone (rhGH), has scientific validation for its use in certain patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The primary indication relates to AIDS-associated wasting, a condition characterized by involuntary weight loss, muscle wasting, and decreased physical endurance that may not be fully reversed with nutritional support alone. Several clinical trials have demonstrated that somatropin can increase lean body mass, improve physical function, and reduce fat mass in patients with HIV-associated wasting. For example, the FDA approved serostim (somatropin) specifically for the treatment of HIV-associated wasting or cachexia based on randomized controlled trials showing improved body composition and physical performance.

The mechanism involves anabolic effects that promote protein synthesis and decrease protein breakdown, counteracting the catabolic state often seen in advanced HIV infection. However, somatropin is not used to treat HIV infection itself or to improve immune function. Its use is limited to patients with documented wasting who fail to respond to nutritional interventions.

While the evidence supports efficacy for body composition and function, potential adverse effects such as edema, joint pain, insulin resistance, and increased risk of certain cancers must be considered. Thus, somatropin is used selectively and under specialist supervision. The overall strength of evidence is moderate, meriting a rating of 3 out of 5.

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