Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lentinula edodes mycelia, commonly known as shiitake mushroom mycelium, has been investigated for its potential immunomodulatory properties, particularly in the context of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The primary compound of interest is lentinan, a beta-glucan polysaccharide extracted from the mushroom’s mycelium. Scientific studies, primarily from Japan in the 1980s and 1990s, demonstrated that lentinan can enhance various aspects of immune function, including increasing the activity of macrophages, T-helper cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. Some clinical trials and case reports have explored the adjunctive use of lentinan in HIV/AIDS patients, suggesting possible improvements in immune parameters (such as increased CD4+ T cell counts) and reductions in opportunistic infections when used alongside standard antiretroviral therapy. However, these studies were generally small, sometimes lacked controls, and longer-term or larger-scale studies are lacking. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews to date do not provide strong or consistent evidence supporting a clear clinical benefit in HIV/AIDS management. Thus, while there is scientific rationale and some preliminary evidence supporting its use, the quality and quantity of the evidence are limited, and lentinula edodes mycelia is not considered a primary or standalone treatment for AIDS. Its use is better characterized as an immune support adjunct with modest, unproven benefit, and not as a substitute for established antiretroviral therapies.

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