Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin A (not specified)
For the health condition: Acne

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Vitamin A and its derivatives play a significant role in the treatment of acne, with strong scientific backing. The most notable example is isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid), a synthetic derivative of vitamin A, which is considered one of the most effective treatments for severe, recalcitrant acne. Isotretinoin works by reducing sebaceous gland size and sebum production, inhibiting the proliferation of acne-causing bacteria (Cutibacterium acnes), and normalizing the shedding of skin cells within hair follicles. These actions address several key pathogenic factors in acne development. Topical retinoids, such as tretinoin and adapalene (also vitamin A derivatives), are first-line treatments for mild to moderate acne and have strong clinical evidence supporting their efficacy. However, the use of plain vitamin A supplementation (retinol or retinyl esters, as found in dietary sources or regular supplements) for acne is not well-supported, as high doses required for impact can cause toxicity and have not been shown to be effective in controlled studies. The scientific evidence thus supports the use of pharmacological vitamin A derivatives, not simple vitamin A itself, in acne management. These treatments are validated by numerous clinical trials and are recommended in dermatological guidelines, but require medical supervision due to potential side effects such as teratogenicity and mucocutaneous symptoms.

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