Evidence supporting the use of: Vitamin A
For the health condition: Acne

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Vitamin A and its derivatives (retinoids) are scientifically validated treatments for acne, with a robust body of clinical evidence supporting their efficacy. The use of topical retinoids such as tretinoin, adapalene, and tazarotene is considered first-line therapy for mild to moderate acne, according to numerous dermatological guidelines. Retinoids work by normalizing the shedding of dead skin cells within the hair follicle, preventing the formation of comedones (clogged pores), and also possess anti-inflammatory properties. Oral isotretinoin (commonly known as Accutane), a vitamin A derivative, is reserved for severe, nodulocystic, or treatment-resistant acne and is often curative for many patients. The mechanism of action involves reducing sebaceous gland size and sebum production, inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria (Propionibacterium acnes), and decreasing inflammation. High-dose oral vitamin A (not in retinoid form) has been used in the past to treat acne, but this approach fell out of favor due to a higher risk of toxicity and less predictable results compared to retinoids. The modern use of vitamin A for acne is almost exclusively in the form of pharmaceutical retinoids, which are carefully dosed and monitored due to potential side effects, including teratogenicity. Overall, the scientific evidence for vitamin A derivatives in acne treatment is strong, and their use is supported by decades of clinical research and practice.

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