Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Polyphenols are a diverse group of naturally occurring compounds found in plants, known for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Their use in acne management is supported primarily by emerging scientific studies rather than long-standing traditional use. Several laboratory and small clinical studies have investigated polyphenol-rich extracts—such as green tea (epigallocatechin gallate, EGCG), resveratrol (from grapes), and curcumin (from turmeric)—for their potential to reduce sebum production, decrease inflammation, and inhibit the growth of Cutibacterium acnes, the bacteria involved in acne pathogenesis.

Topical formulations containing polyphenols, especially green tea extracts, have shown some efficacy in reducing acne lesions and oiliness in small randomized controlled trials. For example, a study using a 2% green tea lotion noted a statistically significant reduction in acne lesions. The proposed mechanisms include downregulation of inflammatory pathways and antioxidant activity that may counteract oxidative stress in the skin. However, evidence is still limited by small sample sizes, short duration, and variability in polyphenol type and concentration used.

Oral supplementation with polyphenols has less robust evidence and is not widely recommended for acne at this time. Overall, while there is scientific rationale and some preliminary evidence for polyphenols in acne treatment, more large-scale, high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and determine optimal formulations and dosages.

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