Evidence supporting the use of: Ginkgoside
For the body system: Acetylcholine

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Ginkgosides are active compounds found in the leaves of the Ginkgo biloba tree. Their use to support the acetylcholine system, which is crucial for memory and cognitive function, is based on both experimental research and clinical studies. Several preclinical studies have shown that ginkgosides can inhibit acetylcholinesterase, the enzyme responsible for breaking down acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft. By inhibiting this enzyme, ginkgosides may increase acetylcholine levels in the brain, potentially improving cognitive performance. Additionally, some clinical trials suggest that standardized Ginkgo biloba extracts (which contain ginkgosides) can provide cognitive benefits in populations with mild cognitive impairment or dementia, possibly via modulation of cholinergic neurotransmission. However, the quality and consistency of evidence in humans are mixed. While some studies report modest improvements in memory and cognitive function, others find no significant effect compared to placebo, especially in healthy individuals. Most positive findings are seen in older adults or those with cognitive decline. The mechanisms are not fully understood, but enhancement of acetylcholine signaling is one proposed pathway among others, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Overall, Ginkgo biloba and its ginkgosides have some scientific backing for supporting the acetylcholine system, particularly in the context of age-related cognitive decline, but more large-scale, high-quality studies are needed to confirm these effects and clarify their relevance in healthy populations.

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