Evidence supporting the use of: Carbohydrate (unspecified)
For the health condition: Weight Gain

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Carbohydrates are widely recognized in scientific literature as a primary macronutrient for supporting weight gain, particularly in individuals who are underweight or have increased caloric needs. The rationale is straightforward: carbohydrates provide a dense source of energy (approximately 4 kcal per gram), which contributes to a positive energy balance when intake exceeds energy expenditure. Clinical guidelines for treating undernutrition or promoting weight gain in patients—such as those with eating disorders, chronic diseases, or during recovery from illness—commonly recommend increased carbohydrate intake as part of a balanced, calorie-rich diet. Studies show that carbohydrate-rich diets stimulate insulin secretion, which in turn supports anabolic processes and the storage of energy as both glycogen and fat. This is especially pronounced when high-carbohydrate diets are combined with adequate protein and fat intake.

Research also suggests that carbohydrate supplementation, whether through whole foods or specialized medical nutrition products, can significantly improve weight gain outcomes in both children and adults suffering from malnutrition. For example, the World Health Organization and other health agencies include carbohydrate-rich therapeutic foods in protocols for treating severe acute malnutrition. However, it is important to note that while carbohydrates are effective for promoting weight gain, the quality and source of carbohydrate (simple vs. complex) can impact overall health outcomes.

In summary, there is robust scientific validation for the use of carbohydrate supplementation to support weight gain, reflected both in clinical practice and guidelines.

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