Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Probiotics are microorganisms, primarily from the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, that are used to support and maintain vaginal health. There is a growing body of scientific evidence suggesting that probiotics may help restore and maintain a healthy vaginal microbiota, which is predominantly composed of Lactobacillus species in healthy women. Disruption of this microbiota, such as through antibiotic use or infections, can lead to conditions like bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have investigated the efficacy of oral and intravaginal probiotics for the prevention and treatment of BV and yeast infections. Findings indicate that certain probiotic strains, especially Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14, can help restore normal vaginal flora and reduce the recurrence of BV, particularly when used alongside standard antibiotic treatments (Cochrane Review, 2017). However, the overall quality of evidence is variable, with some studies showing benefit and others showing minimal or no effect. Safety profiles are generally favorable.

While more large-scale, high-quality studies are needed to define the most effective strains, dosages, and regimens, current scientific evidence supports a moderate-to-strong role for select probiotics in supporting vaginal health.

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