Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Probiotics, particularly those containing strains of Lactobacillus, are increasingly used to support vaginal health, especially for maintaining a balanced vaginal microbiome and reducing the risk of infections such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (yeast infections). Scientific evidence does support their use, though the strength of evidence varies depending on the strain and formulation.

Several randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews (for example, studies published in journals like Clinical Infectious Diseases and Obstetrics & Gynecology) have found that certain probiotic strains—most notably Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14—can help restore and maintain healthy vaginal flora, particularly following antibiotic treatment or in women prone to recurrent infections. These probiotics may reduce recurrence rates of BV and yeast infections and improve symptoms in some women. However, results are not universally consistent, and efficacy depends significantly on the strains used, the method of administration (oral vs. vaginal), and the specific health outcome measured.

While probiotics are generally considered safe, and their use is supported by both mechanistic plausibility and clinical trials, the overall quality of evidence is moderate. More large-scale, well-controlled studies are needed to determine which strains are most effective and to refine recommendations for use.

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