Mesquite (Prosopis species) has a long history of traditional use among Indigenous peoples of the Americas, particularly in the southwestern United States and Mexico. Its pods and seeds have been used as food, and various parts of the plant—including leaves, bark, and gum—have been incorporated into traditional remedies. For the urinary system specifically, Native American healers sometimes employed infusions or decoctions of mesquite bark or leaves as a mild diuretic or to soothe urinary tract discomforts. However, these uses are rooted in tradition and ethnobotanical practice rather than scientific validation. There are no robust clinical studies or modern pharmacological investigations that confirm mesquite’s efficacy in supporting urinary tract health. The evidence base is therefore limited to anecdotal reports and historical records, and the mechanisms by which mesquite might influence urinary function remain speculative. As such, while mesquite has traditional applications for urinary system support, these uses are not substantiated by contemporary scientific research.