Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) is an anthocyanin found in various fruits and vegetables, particularly in berries. There is emerging scientific evidence suggesting that C3G may have beneficial effects on lipid metabolism, including the reduction of triglyceride levels. Several animal studies have demonstrated that supplementation with C3G can decrease serum triglycerides, potentially through mechanisms such as improving insulin sensitivity, modulating genes involved in lipid metabolism, and reducing hepatic lipogenesis.

For example, research published in journals like Food & Function and Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry has shown that C3G supplementation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice resulted in significantly lower triglyceride levels compared to controls. Mechanistically, C3G appears to influence pathways such as AMPK activation and downregulation of SREBP-1c, both of which are involved in fatty acid synthesis and storage.

However, clinical evidence in humans is currently limited. A few small-scale human studies and pilot trials suggest possible triglyceride-lowering effects, but these findings are not yet robust or consistent enough for strong recommendations. Therefore, while there is scientific rationale and some preclinical evidence supporting the use of C3G for high triglycerides, definitive human clinical trials are lacking. The evidence is promising but preliminary, warranting a moderate evidence rating of 2 out of 5.

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