Sodium pyrophosphate is commonly used in oral care products, such as toothpastes, as a tartar control agent. Its primary dental function is to prevent the formation of dental calculus (tartar), which is mineralized dental plaque that can adhere to teeth and contribute to periodontal disease if not managed. Scientific studies indicate that sodium pyrophosphate works by chelating calcium and magnesium ions in saliva, which are necessary for the mineralization of plaque. By binding these ions, sodium pyrophosphate inhibits the crystallization process, reducing the buildup of tartar on the tooth surface.

Multiple clinical trials and systematic reviews have demonstrated that toothpastes containing pyrophosphates, including sodium pyrophosphate, significantly reduce supragingival calculus formation compared to regular fluoride toothpastes. However, it is important to note that while sodium pyrophosphate is effective at preventing tartar formation, it does not remove existing tartar; professional dental cleaning is required for that. The ingredient does not have direct effects on caries prevention, gum disease treatment, or tooth remineralization, but by reducing tartar buildup, it indirectly supports periodontal health.

In summary, the use of sodium pyrophosphate in supporting the teeth (specifically, in tartar control) is supported by substantial scientific evidence, reflected in its inclusion in many commercial dental products and recommendations from dental professionals.