Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), such as chondroitin sulfate and hyaluronic acid, are naturally occurring polysaccharides found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissues, including cartilage, tendons, and synovial fluid. Their primary function is to provide structural integrity, elasticity, and hydration to these tissues. There is substantial scientific evidence supporting the use of GAGs, particularly chondroitin sulfate, for supporting joint health and the structural system. Numerous randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have demonstrated that oral supplementation with chondroitin sulfate can reduce symptoms of osteoarthritis, improve joint function, and slow the progression of cartilage degradation. Hyaluronic acid, another GAG, is used both orally and via intra-articular injection for joint lubrication and cushioning, with clinical studies showing moderate benefits for osteoarthritis symptom management. The biological plausibility of GAGs' effects is supported by their role in maintaining the biomechanical properties of connective tissues and their involvement in cell signaling pathways relevant to tissue repair and inflammation. However, while the evidence is robust for joint and cartilage support, the benefits may not extend to all tissues within the structural system, and individual responses can vary. Overall, the use of glycosaminoglycans to support the structural system is justified by a solid scientific foundation, particularly for joint health and cartilage maintenance.

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