Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Streptococcus salivarius, particularly the K12 strain, has been investigated for its potential to support throat health and reduce the incidence or severity of sore throat (pharyngitis), especially in children. The proposed mechanism involves the colonization of the oral cavity and upper respiratory tract by S. salivarius K12, which is thought to competitively inhibit pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus pyogenes (a common cause of bacterial pharyngitis) through the production of bacteriocins like salivaricin A2 and salivaricin B.

A handful of small randomized controlled trials and open-label studies have shown that regular administration of S. salivarius K12 can reduce the frequency of streptococcal and non-streptococcal sore throats in children and adults, particularly in those who are prone to recurrent episodes. For example, a 2009 study by Di Pierro et al. found that children receiving S. salivarius K12 experienced significantly fewer episodes of streptococcal pharyngitis compared to controls. However, these studies are generally limited by small sample sizes, short durations, and potential conflicts of interest.

Overall, while initial evidence suggests a possible benefit of S. salivarius K12 in reducing the risk of sore throat, particularly of bacterial origin, the quality and quantity of evidence are not robust. More large-scale, independent clinical trials are needed to confirm efficacy and establish guidelines for use. Thus, the use of S. salivarius for sore throat is supported by early scientific evidence, but the strength of evidence is modest (rated 2/5).

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