Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 4

Bicarbonate (mixed), which typically refers to sodium bicarbonate or a combination of bicarbonate salts, is scientifically validated for the treatment of overacidity, such as gastric hyperacidity or metabolic acidosis. Sodium bicarbonate acts as a systemic and gastric antacid by neutralizing hydrochloric acid in the stomach and raising blood pH in cases of metabolic acidosis. Its mechanism of action is well understood: bicarbonate ions react with hydrogen ions (acid), forming water and carbon dioxide, thereby reducing acidity.

The use of sodium bicarbonate as an antacid dates back to the 19th century and is included in pharmacopoeias worldwide. Numerous clinical studies and clinical guidelines (e.g., from the FDA and WHO) endorse its use for acute relief of heartburn and for the management of metabolic acidosis, especially in renal failure or certain poisonings. However, chronic or excessive use is not recommended due to potential side effects like alkalosis, sodium overload, and interactions with other medications.

While alternatives such as calcium carbonate and magnesium-based antacids are often preferred for routine management of heartburn, bicarbonate remains an effective and fast-acting option. It is available in over-the-counter formulations and is used in hospital settings for acute acid-base disturbances. Overall, there is strong scientific and clinical support for the use of bicarbonate in managing overacidity, reflected in its inclusion in standard medical practice.

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