Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Genistein is an isoflavone predominantly found in soy products and has been investigated for its potential role in supporting or treating osteoporosis, especially in postmenopausal women. The scientific rationale is based on genistein’s structural similarity to estrogen, allowing it to bind to estrogen receptors and exert weak estrogenic effects. Estrogen deficiency after menopause is a major contributor to osteoporosis, and compounds that can mimic estrogen might help maintain bone density. Several randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses have evaluated genistein’s effects on bone metabolism. Notably, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial published in the Annals of Internal Medicine (Morabito et al., 2002) showed that daily supplementation with 54 mg genistein for 24 months in postmenopausal women increased bone mineral density (BMD) compared to placebo. Other studies have reported beneficial effects on markers of bone turnover and reductions in bone resorption. However, while these results are promising, systematic reviews note that the overall quality of evidence is moderate, with some studies showing minimal or no effect. Variability in study design, population, and dosage also complicates interpretation. Additionally, most of the data pertains to postmenopausal women, and long-term safety remains under investigation. In summary, there is moderate scientific evidence supporting the use of genistein for osteoporosis, particularly in postmenopausal women. However, more large-scale, long-term studies are needed to fully establish its efficacy and safety profile.

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