Thymic peptides, such as thymosin alpha-1 and thymopentin, have been investigated for their potential role in the management of Myasthenia Gravis (MG), an autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. The rationale for their use is based on the role of the thymus in immune system regulation and the pathogenesis of MG, where aberrant T-cell function leads to the production of autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors. Several small clinical trials, primarily conducted in China and Eastern Europe, have explored thymic peptides as adjunctive therapies to standard immunosuppressive treatments. Some studies have reported modest improvements in muscle strength and reduction in clinical symptoms compared to placebo or standard treatment alone. However, these trials are generally limited by small sample sizes, heterogeneous patient populations, short follow-up periods, and methodological issues that preclude definitive conclusions.

Systematic reviews and guidelines from major neurological associations (such as the American Academy of Neurology) do not currently recommend thymic peptides as standard therapy for MG due to insufficient high-quality evidence. Overall, while there is a scientific rationale and some preliminary clinical evidence for their use, the evidence remains limited and inconsistent. More robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials are needed to ascertain the true benefit, safety, and optimal use of thymic peptides in Myasthenia Gravis.