Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Mixed carotenoids, which include compounds such as beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, are used to support the health of mucus membranes, particularly in the respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tracts. The scientific rationale is primarily based on the role of vitamin A and its precursors (notably beta-carotene) in maintaining epithelial tissue integrity. Carotenoids are converted in the body to vitamin A, which is essential for the differentiation and function of epithelial cells lining the mucus membranes. Deficiency in vitamin A is well-documented to cause keratinization and dysfunction of these membranes, increasing susceptibility to infections and tissue damage. Several clinical studies and reviews have shown that adequate dietary intake of carotenoids can help maintain healthy mucus membranes, especially in populations at risk of deficiency. However, the evidence is less robust for using mixed carotenoid supplementation in well-nourished populations, and results from supplementation trials are mixed. While the link between carotenoids, vitamin A, and mucus membrane health is clear in deficiency states, the benefits of supplementation beyond normal dietary intake are less well established. Therefore, the scientific evidence supporting general use of mixed carotenoids for mucus membrane health is moderate, especially as a preventive measure in populations with adequate nutrition.

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