Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Lactoferrin is a multifunctional glycoprotein with well-documented antimicrobial and immunomodulatory properties, found naturally in milk and other secretions. Its use in supporting or treating infectious mononucleosis (caused by the Epstein-Barr Virus, EBV) is based on both mechanistic plausibility and emerging, though limited, clinical evidence. In vitro studies have demonstrated that lactoferrin can inhibit EBV entry into host cells by binding to cell surface receptors, thus potentially limiting viral infection. Animal studies and some small human trials suggest that lactoferrin may modulate immune responses, reduce inflammation, and support antiviral defenses in general.

However, direct clinical studies specifically evaluating lactoferrin for the treatment or management of mononucleosis in humans are sparse. Most available evidence consists of laboratory research or extrapolations from studies on other viral infections. Some case reports and pilot studies, such as those examining lactoferrin’s effects on other herpesviruses (to which EBV belongs), hint at possible benefits including reduced viral load and improved symptom resolution.

In summary, while there is a scientific rationale for lactoferrin’s potential use in EBV-related mononucleosis, and some preliminary supportive data, robust clinical trials are lacking. Therefore, the current evidence supporting its use is limited (rated 2 out of 5), and lactoferrin should not be considered a proven therapy for mononucleosis at this time.

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