Vitamin B3, also known as nicotinamide (or niacinamide), plays a central role in mitochondrial function due to its role as a precursor for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺). NAD⁺ is a critical coenzyme involved in redox reactions within the mitochondria, particularly in the electron transport chain, which is essential for ATP production in cells. Scientific research has demonstrated that sufficient availability of NAD⁺ is necessary for optimal mitochondrial function, and that deficiencies in niacin (Vitamin B3) can impair energy metabolism by reducing NAD⁺ levels, leading to decreased mitochondrial efficiency and increased oxidative stress.

Recent preclinical studies and some early-stage human research suggest that supplementation with nicotinamide or related NAD⁺ precursors can improve mitochondrial function, especially in aging or disease contexts where NAD⁺ levels naturally decline. For example, studies have shown that nicotinamide supplementation can restore NAD⁺ levels, enhance mitochondrial biogenesis, and improve cellular energy metabolism in animal models. Clinical trials in humans are ongoing, but preliminary evidence supports the biological rationale for using Vitamin B3 to support mitochondrial health, especially in individuals with suboptimal intake or increased metabolic demands.

In summary, the use of Vitamin B3 (nicotinamide) to support mitochondrial function is scientifically grounded, with a well-established biochemical basis and growing evidence from laboratory and animal studies, though large-scale clinical trials in humans are still needed for definitive conclusions.