Black ginger (Kaempferia parviflora) has received attention in recent years for its potential benefits on mitochondrial function. Scientific studies, mainly in vitro and animal models, suggest that black ginger extracts and its active polymethoxyflavones may enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Research indicates that black ginger supplementation can upregulate PGC-1α (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha), a key regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis, and may boost the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism. These effects have been observed in muscle cells and are linked to improved endurance and anti-fatigue properties in rodents.

Additionally, some studies have shown that black ginger can enhance ATP production and reduce oxidative stress within mitochondria, potentially contributing to improved cellular energy and protection against mitochondrial dysfunction. However, while preclinical results are promising, human clinical evidence remains limited and largely preliminary. A few small-scale clinical trials report improvements in physical performance and fatigue, but direct measures of mitochondrial function in humans are scarce.

In summary, there is a moderate level of scientific evidence from laboratory and animal studies supporting the role of black ginger in supporting mitochondrial health, but robust clinical validation in humans is still needed. Therefore, the evidence rating is 3, reflecting a promising but not yet definitive scientific basis.