Clay, specifically medicinal clays like smectite (Montmorillonite) and kaolin, have been investigated for their potential role in managing Inflammatory Bowel Disorders (IBD), including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The scientific evidence supporting their use is limited but present, primarily in the form of animal studies, small clinical trials, and mechanistic research.

Research has shown that smectite can adsorb toxins, bacteria, and excess fluids in the gastrointestinal tract, which may help reduce diarrhea and gut inflammation. Some small clinical studies, mostly in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or infectious diarrhea rather than IBD specifically, have suggested that smectite may improve stool consistency and reduce gastrointestinal symptoms. A few animal studies have demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects and mucosal protection, such as reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and enhancing the intestinal barrier.

However, robust, large-scale randomized controlled trials specifically investigating clay minerals in IBD patients are lacking. The evidence base is not strong enough to recommend clay as a primary or adjunctive treatment for IBD, and most mainstream guidelines do not include clay in treatment protocols. Overall, the scientific support for clay in IBD is limited (rated 2/5), and further research is needed to clarify efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of action.