Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Bismuth citrate is a bismuth salt that has demonstrated antibacterial properties, particularly against certain gastrointestinal pathogens. Its best-documented use is in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, which is implicated in peptic ulcer disease. Bismuth compounds, including bismuth citrate, are integral components of some quadruple therapy regimens for H. pylori eradication, often combined with antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors. The antibacterial mechanism is thought to involve disruption of bacterial cell walls, inhibition of bacterial enzymes, and prevention of bacterial adhesion to mucosal surfaces.

Several clinical trials and meta-analyses have shown that bismuth-containing regimens can increase eradication rates of H. pylori compared to regimens without bismuth. Bismuth compounds also exhibit activity against other gastrointestinal bacteria, but their use is not broadly indicated for non-H. pylori bacterial infections. The evidence for their efficacy is moderate (rated 3/5), as their use for bacterial infection is well-established for H. pylori, but not for other bacterial infections.

In summary, bismuth citrate is scientifically validated as a supportive agent in the treatment of H. pylori infection, but its use is not supported for general bacterial infections beyond this well-defined context.

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