Evidence supporting the use of: Fibroblast growth factor
For the health condition: Hearing Loss

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF), particularly FGF-2 (also known as basic FGF or bFGF), has been investigated as a potential treatment for hearing loss, especially sensorineural hearing loss. The scientific rationale stems from FGFs’ roles in cell proliferation, differentiation, and tissue repair. Preclinical studies in animals have shown that local administration of FGF-2 can promote repair and regeneration of cochlear structures, including hair cells and supporting cells, after damage from noise or ototoxic drugs.

In human studies, there is limited but emerging evidence. Several small-scale clinical trials, primarily in East Asia, have explored the intratympanic or topical application of FGF-2 for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). Some trials report modest improvements in hearing thresholds compared to standard therapy, while others show no significant benefit. The overall quality of evidence is low, with small sample sizes, lack of blinding, and variability in treatment protocols. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses to date conclude that FGF-2 may offer some benefit, but better-designed, larger randomized controlled trials are needed.

FGF-2 is not a traditional remedy for hearing loss and its use is based on modern scientific investigation rather than historical or cultural precedent. At present, FGF-2 is not an established or widely recommended treatment for hearing loss outside of clinical trials. Thus, the evidence supporting its use is limited but not absent, meriting a modest evidence rating.

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