Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) are a class of polyphenolic compounds found in high concentrations in grape seeds, pine bark (e.g., Pycnogenol), and other plant sources. Their use as agents to support or reduce free radical damage is primarily justified by scientific evidence, albeit mostly from in vitro and animal studies, with some supportive clinical data.

OPCs are potent antioxidants: they can scavenge free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation, as shown in multiple laboratory assays (Yamakoshi et al., 2002). Animal studies have demonstrated that OPC supplementation can decrease markers of oxidative stress and protect tissues from oxidative injury. Human clinical studies are less abundant but suggest that OPCs from grape seed extract or pine bark extract can reduce oxidative stress markers in healthy subjects and those with chronic diseases (Vinson et al., 2006). Mechanistically, OPCs are believed to neutralize reactive oxygen species and regenerate other antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E.

However, while the antioxidative properties of OPCs are well-demonstrated in preclinical studies, robust clinical trials proving clear long-term health benefits related to free radical damage in humans are limited. Thus, the evidence rating is moderate (3/5): there is scientific rationale and some supportive data, but large-scale, high-quality clinical trials are needed for stronger recommendations.

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