Evidence supporting the use of: European Pennyroyal
For the body system: Female Reproductive System
Synopsis
Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 1
European Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) has a long history of use in traditional herbal medicine, particularly in Europe, as a remedy for various issues related to the female reproductive system. Historically, pennyroyal was used as an emmenagogue, meaning it was believed to stimulate menstrual flow and relieve menstrual pain or delayed menstruation. Some texts also mention its use to induce abortion, though this is extremely dangerous and not recommended due to its toxicity. The plant contains volatile oils, particularly pulegone, which are responsible for both its purported effects and its significant toxicity. Despite its widespread historical use, modern scientific evidence supporting the effectiveness or safety of pennyroyal for these purposes is lacking. Clinical studies validating its impact on the female reproductive system have not been conducted, and most contemporary references emphasize the risks, including liver damage, kidney failure, and even death, associated with its use—especially in concentrated oil form. In summary, the use of European Pennyroyal to support the female reproductive system is based on traditional practices rather than scientific validation, and it is considered unsafe for such purposes by modern standards.
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Other ingredients that support Female Reproductive System
7-hydroxymatairesinol (HMR)amino acids
ashwagandha
basil
black cohosh
borage oil
broccoli
chaste tree
turmeric
d-alpha tocopherol
damiana
dandelion
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone)
DIM (diindolylmethane)
dong quai root
eleuthero
evening primrose oil
fennel
fenugreek
flaxseed
folate
gamma linolenic acid (GLA)
genistein
ginger
goldenseal
hibiscus
HMR lignan
Indian tinospora
indole-3-carbinol
inositol
jujube
lactobacillus acidophilus
lactobacillus crispatus
lactobacillus fermentum
lactobacillus gasseri
lactobacillus jensenii
lactobacillus reuteri
lactobacillus rhamnosus
lactobacillus salivarius
lignans
linoleic acid (LA)
maca
marine lipid
motherwort
nettle
omega-3 fatty acids
raspberry
rose oil
saffron
selenium
soybean
spearmint leaf
tribulus
vitamin B
vitamin B6
vitamin E
wild yam
red clover
squawvine
mugwort
anise
caesalpinia crista
rubia cordifolia
blessed thistle
peony
lingzhi
lingusticum wallichii
yarrow
yarrow
dioscorea
dodder
royal jelly
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guelder rose
trace minerals
anemarrhena asphodeloides
shepherd's purse
wood betony
herbal blend (proprietary)
soy isoflavones
27-deoxyactein
25-d-spirosta-3, 5-diene
8-Prenylnaringenin
Angelica
Anamu
AHCC
Alchemilla
Aletris
Anserina
Anemone
Agnuside
Ashoka
Abuta
Animal protein
Betony
Blue Cohosh
Bugbane
Bethroot
Barbasco
Belamcanda
Bird's nest
Calochortus
Cohosh
Clary sage
Cnidium
Cynomorium
Cramp Bark
Chinese Pond Turtle
Chlorophytum
Casticin
Ceylon Leadwort
Crinum latifolium
DHEA
Daidzein
Dong Quai
Diosgenin
Date
Egg
Erythrina
Evening Primrose Oil
Estrogen
Folic Acid
Fo-Ti
Furostanols
formononetin
Fatty acids
False Unicorn Root
Ginsenosides
Goat's rue
Giant Trillium
Golden Ragwort
Isoflavones
jasmine
Pennyroyal
Rose
Soy Protein
Vervain
Other body systems supported by European Pennyroyal
BladderDigestive System
Female Reproductive System
Gastrointestinal Tract
Respiratory System
Urinary System
Uterus