Squash, including varieties such as butternut, acorn, and pumpkin, is supported by scientific evidence as beneficial for the eyes, primarily due to its high content of carotenoids—especially beta-carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin. Beta-carotene is a provitamin A compound that the body can convert into vitamin A, which is essential for maintaining healthy vision and preventing night blindness. Vitamin A deficiency is a well-documented cause of visual impairment worldwide. Additionally, lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoids found in the retina of the eye and are known to help filter harmful blue light, thereby protecting against age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and cataract formation.

Several studies support the role of dietary carotenoids in eye health. For instance, research published in JAMA Ophthalmology and Archives of Ophthalmology has pointed to the protective effect of lutein and zeaxanthin against the progression of AMD. Squash is among the vegetables with a significant amount of these nutrients, making it a practical dietary source for supporting ocular health. While most evidence is observational or epidemiological, and direct intervention studies on squash itself are limited, the high carotenoid content provides strong rationale for its use in supporting the eyes.