Evidence supporting the use of: Sodium chloride
For the health condition: Dehydration

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Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 5

Sodium chloride (NaCl), commonly known as table salt, is scientifically validated as a treatment for dehydration, particularly in the context of fluid and electrolyte replacement. Dehydration is often associated with a loss of both water and electrolytes (mainly sodium and chloride), which are essential for maintaining blood volume, nerve function, and muscle activity. Clinical guidelines worldwide, including those from the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), recommend the use of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) containing sodium chloride and glucose for the management of mild to moderate dehydration, especially due to diarrhea or vomiting. The sodium component helps restore plasma osmolarity and supports water absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, while the chloride ion helps maintain acid-base balance.

Numerous randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have confirmed the efficacy and safety of ORS containing sodium chloride in reducing mortality and morbidity from dehydration, especially in children with acute diarrheal diseases. For severe dehydration, intravenous saline solutions (such as normal saline, which is 0.9% sodium chloride in water) are the standard of care in hospital settings. The scientific basis for sodium chloride use in dehydration is well-established, and it is a cornerstone of modern fluid replacement therapy.

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