Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 3

HMB (β-Hydroxy β-Methylbutyrate) is a metabolite of the amino acid leucine and is primarily studied for its role in reducing muscle protein breakdown. Its use during convalescence—recovery from illness, injury, or surgery—has garnered scientific interest because muscle wasting and loss of strength are common complications during periods of inactivity or catabolic stress. Several clinical trials and meta-analyses have evaluated HMB supplementation in populations such as elderly patients, individuals with chronic diseases (e.g., cancer, HIV/AIDS), and those recovering from surgery or immobilization.

Evidence suggests that HMB can help attenuate muscle loss and promote muscle mass retention during periods of enforced inactivity or catabolic conditions. A 2013 meta-analysis (Bear et al., 2013, Clinical Nutrition) found that HMB supplementation was associated with improved muscle mass and function in older adults and in clinical populations experiencing muscle wasting. Randomized controlled trials have also shown that HMB can reduce muscle loss during bed rest and improve outcomes in postoperative recovery.

However, the overall quality of the evidence varies, with some studies showing modest benefits and others reporting little or no effect. The heterogeneity in populations, dosages, and study designs limits the ability to draw firm conclusions. Nevertheless, the use of HMB in convalescence is supported by moderate scientific evidence, especially in at-risk populations, and is recommended in some clinical guidelines for muscle preservation during recovery.

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