Protein supplementation during chemotherapy is scientifically justified and supported by a substantial body of evidence. Chemotherapy often leads to side effects such as loss of appetite, altered taste, nausea, and gastrointestinal disturbances, all of which can result in decreased protein intake and malnutrition. Protein is essential for maintaining lean body mass, supporting immune function, and facilitating tissue repair. Numerous clinical studies and guidelines from oncology organizations (e.g., the American Society of Clinical Oncology and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics) recommend adequate protein intake to help counteract muscle wasting (cachexia), support recovery, and reduce treatment-related complications.

Research indicates that cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy who maintain or improve their protein intake tend to have better treatment tolerance, fewer infections, improved wound healing, and higher quality of life. Some trials have shown that protein-enriched oral nutritional supplements can help maintain body weight and function and may reduce the severity of side effects such as fatigue and weakness. However, while protein is a foundational element of supportive care in oncology, it does not directly alleviate all chemotherapy side effects, but rather mitigates the complications associated with nutritional decline.

Overall, the use of protein to support patients during chemotherapy is well validated scientifically, although optimal dosing and forms of supplementation may vary based on individual needs and cancer types.