Cyperus rotundus, commonly known as nutgrass or purple nutsedge, has a long history of use in traditional medicine systems such as Ayurveda, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and Unani. In these traditions, it is often included in herbal formulations for its purported anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antimicrobial properties. Specifically, in Chinese medicine, Cyperus rotundus (known as Xiang Fu) is sometimes employed in topical or internal remedies for skin conditions, including carbuncles, boils, and other abscesses. Historical texts reference its use to "disperse swelling" and "alleviate pain" associated with such infections.

However, while these uses are well documented in historical sources, modern scientific validation for its efficacy in treating carbuncles is limited. Some laboratory studies have identified antibacterial and anti-inflammatory constituents in Cyperus rotundus extracts, but these studies are mostly in vitro or in animal models and do not directly assess carbuncle treatment. There is a lack of high-quality clinical trials specifically examining its effect on carbuncles in humans. Therefore, while traditional use is strong and the rationale is supported by preliminary pharmacological findings, robust scientific evidence is lacking.