Synopsis

Source of validity: Traditional
Rating (out of 5): 3

Catechu, derived from the heartwood of the Acacia catechu tree, has a long history of traditional use in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine as an astringent and styptic—meaning it helps to contract tissue and reduce bleeding. Historical texts and ethnobotanical records document its application externally to wounds, cuts, and abrasions to arrest bleeding and promote healing. The tannins present in catechu, particularly catechin and epicatechin, are responsible for its strong astringent properties, which help constrict blood vessels and form a physical barrier over wounds, thus aiding in hemostasis.

While the traditional use is well-established, modern scientific validation is limited. In vitro and animal studies indicate catechu’s astringent and antimicrobial properties, but there are few, if any, randomized controlled trials in humans specifically examining its efficacy in treating external bleeding. Nevertheless, its physiological mechanism—tannin-induced protein precipitation and vasoconstriction—provides a plausible rationale for its traditional use. Overall, the evidence is primarily traditional, supported by the known pharmacological effects of its constituents, but lacking in rigorous clinical trials.

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