Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Vitamin E, encompassing both tocopherols and tocotrienols, has been investigated for its potential role in supporting or treating arteriosclerosis due to its antioxidant properties. The rationale stems from oxidative modification of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which is believed to contribute to the development of arterial plaque. Vitamin E, as a lipid-soluble antioxidant, can inhibit LDL oxidation in vitro and in animal models, leading to the hypothesis that supplementation might reduce or slow the progression of arteriosclerosis in humans.

However, clinical evidence in humans remains mixed and generally does not robustly support routine use of vitamin E for arteriosclerosis. Early observational studies suggested lower cardiovascular risk with higher vitamin E intake, but subsequent large randomized controlled trials, such as the HOPE and Heart Protection Study, failed to show significant benefit in reducing cardiovascular events or progression of atherosclerosis with vitamin E supplementation. Some studies have even suggested potential harm at high doses.

Tocotrienols, a less common form of vitamin E, have demonstrated some promising anti-atherogenic effects in animal and in vitro studies, including inhibition of cholesterol synthesis and reduction in arterial plaque formation. However, clinical evidence in humans is limited and not yet conclusive.

In summary, while the antioxidant hypothesis provides a scientific basis for vitamin E's potential role in arteriosclerosis, the clinical evidence to date is weak, with most guidelines not recommending vitamin E supplementation specifically for this condition.

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