Synopsis

Source of validity: Scientific
Rating (out of 5): 2

Proanthocyanidins, a class of polyphenolic compounds found in grape seeds, pine bark, and various other plants, have been investigated for their potential cardiovascular benefits, including in arteriosclerosis (the thickening and hardening of arterial walls). Scientific studies, primarily preclinical and some small-scale clinical trials, suggest that proanthocyanidins exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and vasodilatory properties that may help ameliorate endothelial dysfunction—a key factor in arteriosclerosis. Animal studies have shown that supplementation can reduce oxidative stress and inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaque formation. Human studies are more limited; some small trials have reported improvements in markers of vascular function and reduced LDL oxidation. However, the quality and scale of clinical evidence remain low, and there are no large, definitive randomized controlled trials directly linking proanthocyanidin supplementation to reduced incidence or progression of arteriosclerosis in humans. Systematic reviews generally conclude that while there are plausible mechanisms and some encouraging preliminary data, stronger clinical evidence is required before proanthocyanidins can be recommended as a treatment or preventive measure for arteriosclerosis. Therefore, the use of proanthocyanidins for this condition is supported by some scientific rationale and early evidence, but the overall strength of evidence is currently modest.

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